In most cases, materials for anal cleansing are not made available within those facilities. The inclusion of anal cleansing facilities is often overlooked when designing public or shared toilets in developing countries. The history of anal hygiene, from ancient Rome and Greece to China and Japan, involves sponges and sticks as well as water and paper. The absence of proper materials in households can, under some circumstances, be correlated to the number of diarrhea episodes per household. Having hygienic means for anal cleansing available at the toilet or site of defecation is important for overall public health. On the other hand, in some parts of developing countries and during camping trips, materials such as vegetable matter (leaves), mudballs, snow (water), corncobs, and stones are sometimes used for anal cleansing. ![]() Cleaning with water is sometimes followed by drying the anal region and hand with a cloth towel or toilet paper. In predominantly Catholic countries, Eastern Orthodox, Hindu, Buddhist and Muslim cultures, and in some Protestant countries such as Finland, as well as in Southeast Asia and Southern Europe and Latin America, water is usually used for anal cleansing, using a jet ( bidet shower, bidet) or vessel ( lota, aftabeh), and a person's hand (in some places only the left hand is used). The first commercially available toilet paper was invented by Joseph Gayetty, a New York entrepreneur, in 1857 with the dawning of the second industrial revolution. According to Charlier (2012) French novelist (and physician) François Rabelais had argued about the ineffectiveness of toilet paper in the 16th century. The use of toilet paper for post-defecation cleansing first started in China in the 2nd century BC. In ancient Japan, a wooden skewer known as chuugi (" shit sticks") was used for cleaning after defecation. ![]() This became a breeding ground for bacteria, causing the spread of disease in the latrine. To clean the sponge, they washed it in a bucket with water and salt or vinegar. ![]() The tersorium was shared by people using public latrines. The stick would be soaked in a water channel in front of a toilet, and then stuck through the hole built into the front of the toilet for anal cleaning. Roman anal cleansing was done with a sponge on a stick called a tersorium ( Greek: xylospongium). Īncient Greeks were known to use fragments of ceramic known as pessoi to perform anal cleansing. The modern rolls in the background are for size comparison. Anal cleansing instruments known as chūgi from the Nara period (710 to 784) in Japan.
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